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Diamonds and gemstones

Diamonds & Gemstones

Natural diamonds and coloured gemstones explained: how to read a grading report, where the money shows, and what sapphire, ruby, emerald and spinel ask of a ring.

A woman in her fifties points at a blue sapphire and a natural diamond on a velvet tray while a friend looks on and a jeweller's hands rest at the edge

I'm Gavin Ruschin, a jeweller in Illovo, and this section is about the stone. Whether you are choosing one for a ring or for another piece, the same few questions decide most of it, and most of them can be answered before you fall in love with anything. I start with the diamond: the four Cs weighed honestly, a grading report read line by line, and why cut does more work than the other three combined. Then the shapes, from round to marquise, and what fluorescence does and does not do to a stone.

Coloured gemstones get the same seriousness as diamonds. Sapphire, ruby, spinel and emerald each have their own piece, because each asks something different of a ring that goes to the gym, the beach and the school run. There is a piece on coloured diamonds and one on colour beyond the diamond. The sapphire, emerald, ruby, spinel and coloured-diamond pieces each have a section on treatments, because what has been done to a stone is a question worth asking every time.

Ruschin & Co sells natural stones only, and every article here is written on that basis. The last piece in this section is about provenance: what the word means, what the Kimberley Process does and does not cover, and the questions worth putting to any jeweller, me included. I leave exact prices out of these pages. What I show instead is where the money sits in a stone, what moves it most, and which grades nobody can see across a dinner table.

Choosing the ring or piece around the stone?

Settings, metals, proportions and how a piece is made to order.

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Questions

Asked often.

Which of the four Cs should I spend on?

Spend on cut, and settle for nothing less than excellent on a round brilliant. It is the only one of the four that a person across a table can see. Colour can stop at G or H in most settings, and earlier still in yellow or rose gold. Clarity can stop at the point where the stone is clean to the eye, usually VS2 or SI1. Carat weight is best bought just under the round numbers, where price jumps and diameter does not. What you save goes back into cut or size, where it shows.

Can a coloured stone really be worn every day?

Sapphire, ruby and spinel, yes, in a setting built for it. They score nine, nine and eight on the hardness scale and handle a working hand well. Emerald, opal and tanzanite are a different conversation. They're beautiful but softer, and they sit best in a bezel or a low setting, with a habit of taking the ring off for gardening and the gym. The coloured-stone articles say which is which and why, and the setting is the decision I'd want to talk through with you.

Can you tell me where a diamond came from?

I can tell you what I know and what I do not. For rough diamonds, the Kimberley Process is an international framework that works on shipments crossing borders. It is a real safeguard, but it is not a guarantee about the full history of one polished stone in a ring, and it does not cover coloured gemstones. Exact mine-level origin is hard to establish for many stones, so be wary of anyone who claims perfect certainty. Ask the question of any jeweller, me included.

Is a diamond that glows under ultraviolet light a problem?

Not by itself. Fluorescence is what makes some diamonds glow blue under ultraviolet light. It can help a stone with a lower colour grade look whiter, and in some stones it risks a hazy look. The way to know is to see the specific stone in daylight, rather than rely on the word on the report. The article on fluorescence goes through what to look for and how you can check it yourself.

The next step

Bring the report, or the stone, and we'll look together.

A grading report, a loose stone or only a shortlist is enough to start. I'll go through it with you in the Illovo studio or by video call.

Testimonials

In their words.

  • “I decided to get engaged while my lovely girlfriend went to the UK for a short trip and I used the time to get a ring made while she was away. Gavin and his team gave me great advice and freedom. They helped me create and design my own ring, and taught me so much about the choices I have. They made the whole process a fantastic experience and I will totally send my friends back for the one on one experience.”

    Willie NelFreelance filmmaker
  • “Gavin and his firm were recommended to us by a mutual friend. From the very first contact, Gavin conducted himself in a very friendly but professional manner. Gavin clearly demonstrated the love and understanding of his business. His attention to detail and willingness to listen to our needs was very reassuring. We are extremely pleased with the design, quality of our jewellery and the superb service. It was certainly one of the best shopping experiences we have had. Our friends have found Gavin amazing and are very impressed with their purchases. On purchasing diamonds, we highly recommend others to contact Gavin. We certainly look forward to doing business with his company for years to come.”

    Dusanka and Robert CosicWales, UK
  • “My experience with Gavin was nothing less than exceptional. He provided excellent customer service, quality diamonds, and competitive prices. He was very knowledgeable and an excellent teacher. I learned everything I needed to know before purchasing the right diamond. I would recommend him and his company to anyone considering the purchase of a precious stone.”

    Michael Zarrabi, M.D.Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
  • “Great experience dealing with Gavin. I have had many good experiences dealing with Gavin. The jewellery and stones are breathtaking and very reasonable in price. The service we received was so efficient and good advice was given to us when choosing specific stones. We look forward to many more dealings with Gavin.”

    Daniel and Elise Boyer
  • “My experience with Gavin goes back some years. Not only have I and my wife been advised and purchased from the company; we have, in addition, successfully referred a number of our friends to Gavin. His knowledge, service and flexibility have ensured that we consult them on any occasion where we are thinking of purchasing jewellery.”

    Bernard FreemanCEO, European Healthcare Group PLC, London
  • “Gavin Ruschin has been my preferred supplier of diamonds and designer jewellery for the past five years. During this period of knowing Gavin, I feel extremely privileged to have a supplier of such character and integrity servicing me personally, my company The BLD Group and our clients. Gavin has through excellent service become one of the most credible suppliers on our books. His honesty, unconditional professional service, excellent pricing and pleasant manner have earned him the respect and reputation of the highest degree amongst my clients, which include professional sportsmen and sportswomen, leading business people and politicians.”

    Bruce V DavidsonExecutive Chairman, The BLD Group